Wilson's disease

kali ni aq nak share sal Wilson's disease lak.. hancuss tol.. kejap BM kejap BI.. huhu.. tp aq wat asemen ni lam BI so penerangan lam BI la ye.. kang nak fully speaking, cam teror BI sgt lak aq ni.. part aq adelah lebey kepade treatment, sebenarnya ktorg kene wat lam group keje ni.. aq sorang je malay lam group aq, lain chinese tp they all nice la.. sorang je laki.. kat sini aq letak main point je ok.. nak banyak2 info crek sendiri ;p

Wilson's disease or hepatolenticular degeneration is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which copper accumulates in tissues; this manifests as neurological or psychiatric symptoms and liver disease.
(wiki cakap..huhu)

Treatment
Treatment for Wilson's disease is effective if diagnosis occurs before the onset of life-threatening symptoms. The goal of treatment is to remove excessive copper from the body and prevent it from reaccumulating. If treatment is stopped, the disease can be fatal.

1. Drug Treatment
a. Penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen)
b. Trientine (Syprine)
c. Zinc acetate (Galzin)

2. Dietary Therapy
a. Dietary changes require avoiding certain foods yang ni aq suka nak xplain ckit, namenye penyakit hati n kene elakkan makan hati jugak.. cam klaka lak.. hee.. seyes ni jangan makan hati sebab high copper lam hati.. coklat, kacang and cendawan pun kene elak.. xlbey dp skali sminggu.. xdea xmkan langsung.. ok ^^

b. Vitamin E supplements
c. A low-copper diet

3. Liver Transplantation

Expectations (prognosis)
Lifelong treatment is required to control the disorder. The disorder may cause fatal effects, especially loss of liver function and toxic effects of copper on the nervous system. In cases where the disorder is not fatal, symptoms may be disabling.

ANOPHELINAE & CULICINAE : EGGS

seperti yang dijanjikan aq akan cter ckit tentang lab ento kali ni.. owh pic atas nampak aq sangat tembam ;( huhu.. sebelah aq tu dayah.. intro, nyamuk ni ade 3 subfamili tp aq blaja 2 je.. so yang 1 ag korang crek la sendiri kalau nak taw.. huhu.. penting korang tengok tiap slide sebab nanti exam lab ke dia kasi slide yg sama je..

Eggs are laid one at a time and they float on the surface of the water. In the case of Culex and Culiseta species, the eggs are stuck together in rafts of a hundred or more eggs. Anopheles and Aedes species do not make egg rafts but lay their eggs separately. Culex, Culiseta, and Anopheles lay their eggs on water while Aedes lay their eggs on damp soil that will be flooded by water. Most eggs hatch into larvae within 48 hours.

Tiny mosquito larvae emerge from the eggs within 24 hours.

details : http://www.mosquitoes.org/LifeCycle.html

SUBFAMILI ANOPHELINAE
TELUR NYAMUK GENUS ANOPHELES
- ade pelampung kat tepi
- bentuk perahu (yang ni aq pun xnampak tang mane bentuk perahunye..hehe)

Anopheles mosquitoes lay their eggs singly on the water, not in rafts.

SUBFAMILI CULICINAE
TELUR NYAMUK GENUS AEDES
- warna hitam
- bentuk lonjong
- satu-satu atas air (berselerak)
Aedes mosquitoes lay their eggs singly on damp soil. Aedes eggs hatch only when flooded with water (salt water high tides, irrigated pastures, treeholes, flooded stream bottoms, etc.).

TELUR NYAMUK GENUS CULEX
1. mule2 guna cam aq xreti sangat nak adjust camera.. hehe.. tu yang x cun pic ni.. next time I will do better ok.. ^^
- warna coklat
- bentuk silinder, rakit (pun aq xtaw camne nak tgok), silinder, panjang
- berkelompok
Culex mosquitoes lay their eggs on the surface of fresh or stagnant water. The water may be in tin cans, barrels, horse troughs, ornamental ponds, swimming pools, puddles, creeks, ditches, or marshy areas. Mosquitoes prefer water sheltered from the wind by grass and weeds.

2. ni pic dp tenet utk culex, ley tengok kan berkelompok

TELUR NYAMUK GENUS MANSONIA
- berkelompok
- melekat bawah daun tumbuhan akuatik
ps : lam buku prof tadek tulis kaler ape2..so tayah la korg sibuk2 carik, msti xkua exam..hehe

ok la.. tu je untuk kali ni.. nanti kalau aq rajen, aq cter sal larva, pupa and so on.. bz nak setelkan F1M.. jemput datang sume ^^ 27 & 28 feb ni kat tasik titiwangsa.. aq ade kat klinikal FSKB..

my dad not my bf... LOL

Hari tu aq balik kuantan.. ayah amek kat plaza rah ni sebab dia kebetulan ada keje kat putrajaya.. ayah biasa la saje nak carik excuse supaya ley banyak kali stop.. aq da kata xnak makan tapi berenti gak kat mcd.. aq bebel2 nape xdrive thru je.. tu la ayah aq yang suka stop banyak2 kali kalu drive.. tapi aq nak citer masa ktorg stop isi minyak kat petronas.. aq tengok ada la mak cik ni ngan family dia pandang2 ktorg, senyum2.. aq pandang ayah kat luar, dia wat muka pelik je.. lepas da siap, ayah masuk dalam kete tanya kenal x sape orang tu, aq cakap xkenal.. korang taw x nape dyorg gelak2 tu? Mesti dyorg ingat ayah aq ni bf aq.. yea, dala bawak kete satria neo.. aq hot betul, nak mengata orang agak2 la.. nak aje aq g sound dyorg, harap je tudung labuh pakai kopiah.. so korang2 jangan la cepat prasangka buruk ok..

minggu depan aq exam, so wish me luck ye.. tekanan jiwa aq camni.. mama pesan kalau stress2, banyakkan selawat =) it is sooo good when i can talk to her about anything.. minggu lepas lab ento, lepas exam baru aq upload pic ye.. bila time lab je, da macam sesi fotografi insects lak.. huhu.. semua orang pun bawak kamera..

PHLEBOTOMI

tutorial phlebotomi yang kene submit esok, nota kuliah sangat ringkas.. so bawah ni aq letak explanation supaye ley faham better.. aq jugak kasi link yang after korang bace, konpem ley jawab sume soklan tutorial dr yang xnak aq sebut nama.. (xnak dia pergi blog aq..hehe..)

VENIPUNCTURE SITE SELECTION:

Although the larger and fuller median cubital and cephalic veins of the arm are used most frequently, the basilic vein on the dorsum of the arm or dorsal hand veins are also acceptable for venipuncture. Foot veins are a last resort because of the higher probability of complications.

Certain areas are to be avoided when choosing a site:

Extensive scars from burns and surgery - it is difficult to puncture the scar tissue and obtain a specimen.

The upper extremity on the side of a previous mastectomy - test results may be affected because of lymphedema.

Hematoma - may cause erroneous test results. If another site is not available, collect the specimen distal to the hematoma.

Intravenous therapy (IV) / blood transfusions - fluid may dilute the specimen, so collect from the opposite arm if possible. Otherwise, satisfactory samples may be drawn below the IV by following these procedures:

Turn off the IV for at least 2 minutes before venipuncture.

Apply the tourniquet below the IV site. Select a vein other than the one with the IV.

Perform the venipuncture. Draw 5 ml of blood and discard before drawing the specimen tubes for testing.

Cannula/fistula/heparin lock - hospitals have special policies regarding these devices. In general, blood should not be drawn from an arm with a fistula or cannula without consulting the attending physician.

Edematous extremities - tissue fluid accumulation alters test results.

http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/PHLEB/PHLEB.html

The Sweetest Smile Contest (^_^)

pic kai spek, nampak gg (0_0) huu~

pic xkai spek, xnampak gg (^_^) hee~

baru je buat blog ni da ngade2 nak masuk contest.. ;D dala xreti guna sangat blog, tp harap2 dapat penuhi syarat2 contest ni.. bukan ape, sebab xreti guna.. semlam baru blaja camne nak follow blog orang.. ishh..lepas agak sejam membelek2 folder pic, aq decide nak letak 1 pic kai spek, 1 xkai spek.. 1 nampak gg, 1 xnampak gg.. huhu.. bagus kan aq? ;p akhir kate,

UNDILAH SAYA!! and WORLD PEACE!! (^_^)y lol

http://delisyaoutlet.blogspot.com/

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ni nak komen sikit tentang blog Delisya's Collection, bagus la.. aq juga ada tengok blog lain yang buat bisnes macam ni, so aq rase blog ni antara yang terbaik.. tapi jujurnya ur blog kena cantikkan lagi, biar menarik and comel..hehe..keep it up ok! nak aq jadi model korang boleh jugak.. :D

akhirnye...sudah bermule.. ^^

akhirnye aq buat jugak blog ni..tapi now sangat la bz..so xtaw bler nak nuleh lam ni..moge aq xmengarut sangat kat sini nanti..ok la..untuk 1st post ni..biar la aq kenal kan diri..name penuh... urmm.. tayah kot..huhu..fariha..just fariha..tapi aq ader banyak name..macam tadi cik soleha telah memanggilku ferry (aq mention name ko weh!)..name glamor ckit, alya lahira..jangan tanya mane dapat name ni..hehe..my dad from kelantan, my mom from n9 and i was born on 17 november 1990 at hospital lati, kelantan..untuk sejarah hidup aq, skola mane sume, nanti la aq cter.. dipendekkan cter, now aq study kat UKM KKL dekat cowkit..amek sains bioperubatan..nape aq amek kos ni? jawapan yg biase dak2 kos aq jawab..sbb xdapat medic.. huhu.. skunk ni da taun 2..cukup mengarut sampai sini..aq banyak keje ni..nanti2 aq cont..daa (^^)y